❓ Anglais médical PASS — Questions et modaux
Cours PASS et LAS — Yes/No questions, Do/Does/Did, verbes modaux, WH- et correction d’erreurs médicales
1. Questions Yes/No
2. Do / Does / Did
3. Les verbes modaux
4. Questions en WH-
5. Much & Many dans les questions
6. Ordre des mots
7. Repérer les erreurs
8. Exercices
9. FAQ
✅ Questions Yes/No
Les auxiliaires les plus courants pour former des questions en anglais médical sont be, have et do.
Avec « be »
On inverse sujet et verbe : « Is she a qualified pharmacist? » — « Are you going skiing in January? » (be + V-ing) — « Is the office cleaned on Monday morning? » (voix passive).
Avec « have »
Au present perfect : « Have you ever seen an eclipse of the sun? » — « Has she finished her report? »
🔧 Questions avec Do / Does / Did
Quand il n’y a pas d’autre auxiliaire, on emploie do/does/did. Le verbe principal reste à l’infinitif.
| Personne | Présent | Passé |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | Do you work in London? | Did you work in London? |
| He / She / It | Does he work in London? | Did he work in London? |
🎛️ Les verbes modaux
Les modaux sont invariables (pas de -s à la 3e personne) et toujours suivis d’une base verbale (infinitif sans « to »).
Degrés de probabilité
| Probabilité | Modal | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| ~25 % — hypothèse prudente | might | « I might get into that school, but I doubt it. » |
| ~50 % — possible / autorisation | may | « You may go if you wish. » |
| ~60-70 % — déduction, conseil | should | « You should listen to your parents. » |
| ~75 % — quasi-certitude / obligation | must | « You must hand in your work on time. » |
| ~90 % — forte probabilité | will | « He will be late — he always is. » |
| 0 % — impossibilité | cannot | « That cannot be true. » |
Capacité : can / could
can = capacité présente, autorisation : « I can speak English. »
could = plus poli ou capacité passée : « I could run very fast when I was little. »
Volonté : will / shall / would
will = futur, promesse. shall = suggestion (« Shall we go out? »). would = hypothèse, préférence (« Would you prefer tea or coffee? »).
🔍 Questions ouvertes (WH-)
| Ce qu’on demande | Mot interrogatif | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| Quoi / Quel | What | What happened? |
| Qui (sujet) | Who | Who said that? |
| Lequel (choix limité) | Which | Which dress do you prefer? |
| Où | Where | Where does it hurt? |
| Quand | When | When did you have a headache? |
| Pourquoi | Why | Why are you here? |
| Comment / À quel degré | How | How painful is it? |
🔢 Questions avec Much & Many
| Type de nom | Structure | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| Dénombrable | How many + nom pluriel…? | « How many cigarettes do you smoke per day? » |
| Indénombrable (coût) | How much + does/is…? | « How much does it cost? » |
📐 Remettre les mots dans l’ordre
| Mots en désordre | Question correcte |
|---|---|
| when / was / built / this / house | When was this house built? |
| how / cheese / is / made | How is cheese made? |
| why / Sue / isn’t / working / today | Why isn’t Sue working today? |
| cost / how / the / flat / much / does | How much does the flat cost? |
🩺 Repérer et corriger les erreurs médicales
| Phrase incorrecte | Correction | Explication |
|---|---|---|
| All is OK? | Is everything OK? | Inversion auxiliaire/sujet + everything au lieu de all |
| Have you a genetic illness? | Do you have a genetic disease? | En anglais moderne, have comme possession nécessite do |
| From 1 to 10 how much is it painful? | From 1 to 10 how painful is it? | On ne dit pas much painful — How + adj. + verbe à la fin |
| Have you ever smoke? | Have you ever smoked? | Present perfect = participe passé (smoked) |
| Do you see her yesterday? | Did you see her yesterday? | Yesterday impose le passé → did |
| How long have you had these symptom? | How long have you had these symptoms? | These = pluriel → symptoms avec un S |
| Can you describe me where the pain is? | Can you describe to me where the pain is? | Describe exige to devant le complément indirect |
| How often have you drink? | How often do you drink? | On ne mélange pas present perfect et present simple |
✏️ Exercices
Exercice 1 — Corriger les erreurs
1. « How many cigarettes do you smoke a day? »
2. « Can you describe me where is the pain? »
3. « Do you saw the doctor last week? »
Voir la réponse
2. « Can you describe to me where the pain is? » — describe exige to, et avec un modal le verbe reste à la fin.
3. « Did you see the doctor last week? » — did au passé + verbe à l’infinitif.
Exercice 2 — Choisir le bon modal
1. You ______ hand in your assignment before Friday. (obligation)
2. ______ I offer you a glass of water? (politesse)
3. This treatment ______ work, but we’re not sure yet. (faible probabilité)
Voir la réponse
2. Can (offrir quelque chose poliment).
3. might (probabilité faible, ~25%).